Doctronic

Prevent Colds with Simple Hand Washing Techniques

Oghenefejiro Okifo | MD

Medically reviewed by Oghenefejiro Okifo | MD, Harvard Medical School | Henry Ford Hospital - Detroit, MI on September 3rd, 2023.

Key Takeaways

  • Over 200 different viruses cause colds, with rhinoviruses responsible for 30-50% of cases—symptoms typically peak on days 2-3 and resolve within 7-10 days.
  • Proper hand washing with soap for 20 seconds removes 99.9% of germs, while alcohol-based sanitizers need at least 60% alcohol concentration to be effective against cold viruses.
  • Adults average 2-3 colds per year, while children can get 6-8 due to immature immune systems and frequent hand-to-face contact in school settings.
  • Viruses survive on hard surfaces like doorknobs and countertops for up to 24 hours, making surface contamination a major transmission route beyond airborne droplets.
  • Zinc lozenges taken within 24 hours of symptom onset can reduce cold duration by 1-2 days, while vitamin C supplementation only helps if taken regularly before illness strikes.

Want to avoid catching a cold? The most effective way to prevent colds is by washing your hands regularly. It's a simple yet powerful strategy that can significantly reduce your risk of getting sick.

How Colds Spread

Colds are primarily spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes, releasing tiny droplets containing viruses into the air. These droplets can land on surfaces like doorknobs, phones, and keyboards. When you touch these contaminated surfaces and then touch your nose or mouth, you can become infected.

Prevent Colds with Simple Hand Washing Techniques

The Power of Hand Washing

Regular hand washing is your best defense against cold viruses. Some viruses can survive on surfaces for hours, but washing your hands effectively removes them, preventing them from entering your body. Studies have shown that proper hand hygiene can significantly reduce the incidence of respiratory illnesses, such as colds[1].

Proper Hand Washing Techniques

To effectively wash your hands and prevent colds, follow these steps:

  1. Wet your hands with water.

  2. Apply soap.

  3. Rub your hands together vigorously for at least 20 seconds, making sure to scrub your wrists, between your fingers, and under your nails.

  4. Rinse your hands thoroughly.

  5. Dry your hands with a clean paper towel or air dryer.

  6. If you're in a public restroom, use a paper towel to turn off the faucet and open the door.

When to Wash Your Hands

Wash your hands frequently throughout the day, especially:

  • Before and after eating

  • After using the bathroom

  • After school or work

  • After handling raw meat, unwashed vegetables, or garbage

  • After coughing, sneezing, blowing your nose, or touching pets

  • Before and after changing a baby's diapers or feeding a baby (if you're a caregiver)

Hand Sanitizer: A Convenient Alternative

When you don't have access to a sink, an alcohol-based hand sanitizer containing at least 60% alcohol can be a convenient alternative[2]. Rub the sanitizer all over your hands, fingers, and wrists until dry. However, it's important to follow up with a thorough hand washing when you can to prevent the buildup of sanitizer residue.

By making hand washing a regular habit and using proper techniques, you can significantly reduce your risk of catching colds and other respiratory illnesses. Remember, clean hands are your best defense against germs[3].

The Bottom Line

The most effective defense against catching a cold is washing your hands frequently with soap for 20 seconds, especially after touching public surfaces and before eating. While there's no cure, early intervention with zinc and proper rest can minimize symptom duration. If you're experiencing persistent cold symptoms or want guidance on treatment options, Doctronic can provide quick answers to help you feel better faster.

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