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Medications for Overactive Bladder: What's New and What Works?
Published: Dec 06, 2023
Medications can be a game-changer for many people struggling with overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. Two main types of drugs are used: beta-3 adrenergic agonists and antimuscarinics. Let's explore how they work and what you need to know.
Beta-3 Adrenergic Agonists: The New Kids on the Block
These newer medications, like mirabegron and vibegron, work by relaxing the bladder muscle. They're often preferred as a first choice because they have fewer side effects than older drugs. Common side effects can include headache or mild digestive issues, but they're usually well-tolerated.
Antimuscarinics: The Traditional Approach
Antimuscarinic drugs, such as oxybutynin and tolterodine, work by blocking certain nerve signals that trigger bladder contractions. They can be very effective, but may cause dry mouth, constipation, or blurred vision in some people. Newer formulations aim to reduce these side effects.
Choosing the Right Medication
Your doctor will consider factors like your age, other health conditions, and potential side effects when recommending a medication. It's often a process of trial and error to find the best fit. Don't be discouraged if the first medication doesn't work perfectly - there are several options to try.
Combination Therapy
For some people, using both types of medications together can provide better symptom control. This approach, called combination therapy, might be suggested if a single medication isn't providing enough relief. It's important to discuss potential interactions with your doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Most people notice improvement within 2-4 weeks, but full effect may take up to 12 weeks.
Not necessarily. Some people can stop after symptoms improve, while others need long-term treatment.
Beta-3 agonists are often preferred for older adults due to fewer cognitive side effects.
Moderate alcohol use is usually okay, but check with your doctor as it can worsen symptoms.
Yes, they can. Always inform your doctor about all medications you're taking.
Finding Your Solution
With several medication options available, there's a good chance of finding an effective treatment for your overactive bladder symptoms.
References
- Chapple CR, et al. Safety and Efficacy of Mirabegron: Analysis of a Large Integrated Clinical Trial Database of Patients with Overactive Bladder Receiving Mirabegron, Antimuscarinics, or Placebo. Eur Urol. 2020;77:119.
- Staskin D, et al. International Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo and Active Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Vibegron in Patients with Symptoms of Overactive Bladder: EMPOWUR. J Urol. 2020;204:316-324.
- Kelleher C, et al. Efficacy and Tolerability of Mirabegron Compared with Antimuscarinic Monotherapy or Combination Therapies for Overactive Bladder: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis. Eur Urol. 2018;74:324-33.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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