What Causes Elevated PSA Levels?
What Causes Elevated PSA Levels?
The Big Picture
High PSA levels can be a red flag for prostate health, but they don't always mean cancer. Let's dive into the various causes of elevated PSA levels.
Contents
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
- Prostate Cancer and Inflammation
- Other Causes of Elevated PSA
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
BPH is a common condition in older men that can cause elevated PSA levels. It involves the enlargement of the prostate gland, which produces more PSA per gram than normal tissue. While it raises PSA levels, it doesn't mean cancer is present.
Prostate Cancer and Inflammation
Prostate cancer is a primary concern when PSA levels are high, as cancerous cells produce PSA. Inflammation or infection, known as prostatitis, can also elevate PSA levels significantly. Sometimes, doctors may treat high PSA with antibiotics to rule out infection.
Other Causes of Elevated PSA
Factors like perineal trauma, recent sexual activity, and medical procedures can temporarily raise PSA levels. These elevations are usually minor and transient, but understanding them helps in interpreting PSA test results.
FAQs
Does high PSA always mean cancer?
No, high PSA can also be due to BPH or infections.
Can prostatitis affect PSA?
Yes, prostatitis can cause significant PSA elevation.
How does BPH affect PSA levels?
BPH enlarges the prostate, increasing PSA production.
Should I worry about high PSA after a procedure?
PSA can temporarily rise after procedures; consult your doctor if concerned.
Key Takeaways
High PSA levels aren't always a cause for panic, but they do warrant further investigation.
Additional References
- Partin AW, et al. J Urol 1990; 143:747.
- Dalton DL. Urology 1989; 33:465.
- Tchetgen MB, et al. Urol Clin North Am 1997; 24:283.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic.