What You Need to Know About Metacarpal Head Fractures
What You Need to Know About Metacarpal Head Fractures
The Big Picture
Metacarpal head fractures are common hand injuries often caused by direct trauma. Understanding their causes and symptoms can help in early diagnosis and treatment.
Contents
- How Do These Fractures Happen?
- Recognizing the Symptoms
- Diagnosis: Getting It Right
How Do These Fractures Happen?
Metacarpal head fractures typically occur from a direct blow or crush injury, often during altercations when someone punches an object with a closed fist. The second metacarpal, linked to the index finger, is the most commonly affected, while the first metacarpal, related to the thumb, is rarely injured. Sometimes, these fractures occur due to ligament ruptures, leading to avulsion fractures at the metacarpal head.
Recognizing the Symptoms
Common symptoms of metacarpal head fractures include pain and swelling at the site of injury, decreased range of motion, and tenderness over the distal metacarpal. During examination, a healthcare provider will check for rotational deformities and skin integrity, especially if there are signs of an open fracture. Any significant pain during joint stress could indicate further complications like ligament injury.
Diagnosis: Getting It Right
Diagnosing these fractures typically involves imaging tests such as plain radiographs, which can clearly show the extent of the injury. Ultrasound might be used for an initial assessment but is not as detailed as other imaging techniques. In cases where fractures are not visible but suspected, a CT scan is recommended for a more detailed evaluation.
FAQs
What causes metacarpal head fractures?
They are usually caused by direct trauma or crush injuries.
How are these fractures diagnosed?
They are diagnosed using imaging tests like radiographs and CT scans.
What are the common symptoms?
Common symptoms include pain, swelling, and reduced motion.
Can ultrasound be used for diagnosis?
Yes, but it's typically less detailed than radiographs or CT scans.
Key Takeaways
Understanding the causes and symptoms of metacarpal head fractures is crucial for timely treatment and recovery.
Additional References
- Ashkenaze DM, Ruby LK. Metacarpal fractures and dislocations. Orthop Clin North Am 1992; 23:19.
- Eiff MP, Hatch R. Metacarpal fractures. In: Fracture Management for Primary Care, 3rd ed, Elsevier, Philadelphia 2018.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic.