Contents
What You Need to Know About Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHPT)
Published: Oct 28, 2023
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) often goes unnoticed until routine tests reveal high calcium levels. This article explores the symptoms and manifestations of PHPT.
Understanding Asymptomatic PHPT
In many Western countries, PHPT is frequently discovered through routine biochemical screenings, with patients typically showing no obvious symptoms. Despite appearing healthy, these individuals may have mild hypercalcemia, often less than 1 mg/dL above the normal range. While the condition might seem harmless at first, around 30% of these patients eventually develop complications such as bone issues or kidney stones.
Symptomatic PHPT: The Classic Signs
PHPT symptoms are often remembered by the phrase 'bones, stones, abdominal moans, and psychic groans.' This refers to bone pain, kidney stones, digestive issues, and mood disturbances. Even if calcium levels don't seem high, symptoms can appear if hypercalcemia develops quickly or becomes severe, making timely detection crucial.
Global Differences in PHPT Symptoms
While asymptomatic cases are common in Western nations, symptomatic PHPT is more prevalent in countries like India and China. Vitamin D deficiency, often seen alongside PHPT in these regions, may exacerbate bone and kidney issues. This deficiency can lead to more severe cases, characterized by larger parathyroid adenomas and increased fractures.
Frequently Asked Questions
PHPT is a condition where the parathyroid glands produce too much hormone, leading to high calcium levels.
Yes, many people with PHPT have no symptoms initially.
They include bone pain, kidney stones, digestive issues, and mood changes.
Yes, symptomatic PHPT is more common in countries with prevalent vitamin D deficiency.
Key Takeaways
Understanding the different presentations of PHPT can lead to better diagnosis and management.
References
- El-Hajj Fuleihan G, Chakhtoura M, Cipriani C, et al. Classical and Nonclassical Manifestations of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:2330.
- Yadav SK, Johri G, Bichoo RA, et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism in developing world: a systematic review on the changing clinical profile of the disease. Arch Endocrinol Metab 2020; 64:105.
- Arya AK, Kumari P, Bhadada SK, et al. Progressive rise in the prevalence of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism in India: Data from PHPT registry. J Bone Miner Metab 2021; 39:253.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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