How Do Doctors Test for Diabetes?
How Do Doctors Test for Diabetes?
The Big Picture
Testing for diabetes involves several key blood tests that help determine how your body is managing sugar. Let's explore these tests and what they mean.
Contents
- Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
- Glycated Hemoglobin (A1C)
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
FPG is a simple test that measures blood sugar after an overnight fast. A reading of 126 mg/dL or higher indicates diabetes. It's a common test because it's easy to perform and provides clear results.
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
The OGTT measures blood sugar before and two hours after drinking a sugary drink. It helps identify diabetes and prediabetes but is less commonly used due to its inconvenience.
Glycated Hemoglobin (A1C)
A1C reflects average blood sugar levels over three months. A result of 6.5% or higher suggests diabetes, making it a valuable tool for diagnosis and management.
FAQs
What does FPG test for?
It checks blood sugar levels after fasting.
How is OGTT performed?
It involves fasting, drinking a sugary drink, and measuring blood sugar.
What does an A1C test show?
It shows average blood sugar levels over three months.
Is OGTT commonly used?
No, it's less common due to its inconvenience.
Key Takeaways
Understanding these tests can help you know what to expect if you suspect diabetes.
Additional References
- American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes--2014. Diabetes Care 2014; 37 Suppl 1:S14.
- American Diabetes Association. 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:S13.
- Sacks DB, Arnold M, Bakris GL, et al. Guidelines and Recommendations for Laboratory Analysis in the Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:e151.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic.