How Do Doctors Diagnose Ankle Sprains?
How Do Doctors Diagnose Ankle Sprains?
What's This About?
Diagnosing an ankle sprain involves specific tests and sometimes imaging. Learn how doctors determine the severity of your injury.
Contents
- Physical Examination
- Special Tests for Accuracy
- When Imaging is Needed
Physical Examination
Doctors start by examining the ankle for swelling, tenderness, and range of motion. They may perform specific tests like the anterior drawer test, which checks for ligament stability, to assess the injury.
Special Tests for Accuracy
Special tests like the squeeze test and external rotation test help identify syndesmotic injuries, which are more severe. These tests apply pressure to specific areas to see where pain occurs, helping to pinpoint the injury.
When Imaging is Needed
If a fracture is suspected, doctors use the Ottawa ankle rules to decide if X-rays are necessary. This guideline helps avoid unnecessary imaging by focusing on specific symptoms and injury mechanisms.
FAQs
What is the anterior drawer test?
It's a test that checks for excessive movement in the ankle, indicating ligament damage.
When are X-rays needed for an ankle sprain?
X-rays are needed if there's severe pain, inability to bear weight, or specific bone tenderness.
How do special tests work?
They apply pressure or movement to the ankle to locate the source of pain.
The Bottom Line
Accurate diagnosis of ankle sprains ensures proper treatment and recovery.
Additional References
- Sman AD, Hiller CE, Refshauge KM. Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests for diagnosis of ankle syndesmosis injury.
- van Dijk CN, Lim LS, Bossuyt PM, Marti RK. Physical examination is sufficient for the diagnosis of sprained ankles.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic.